{{tag>mail troubleshooting}}

====== Mail troubleshooting ======
===== Error: 554 Service unavailble, No IP queries =====

<code>
Apr  9 11:09:08 myhostname postfix/smtpd[11535]: disconnect from unknown[92.118.38.82]
Apr  9 11:09:10 myhostname postfix/smtpd[12679]: connect from mail2.protonmail.ch[185.70.40.22]
Apr  9 11:09:10 myhostname postfix/smtpd[12679]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from mail2.protonmail.ch[185.70.40.22]: 554 5.7.1 Service unavai
lable; Client host [185.70.40.22] blocked using dbl.spamhaus.org; No IP queries, see https://www.spamhaus.org/faq/section/Spamhaus%20
DBL#279; from=<user@protonmail.com> to=<test@example.com> proto=ESMTP helo=<mail2.protonmail.ch>
Apr  9 11:09:10 myhostname postfix/smtpd[12679]: disconnect from mail2.protonmail.ch[185.70.40.22]
Apr  9 11:09:12 myhostname postfix/smtpd[10216]: connect from unknown[45.142.195.2]
</code>


///etc/postfix.conf//
<code>
...
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination, check_recipient_access mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_recipient.cf, reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client dbl.spamhaus.org
...
</code>
remove "''reject_rbl_client dbl.spamhaus.org''" from above

  postfix check
  postfix reload

===== Error: Invalid HELO name =====
If you get an error like this:

    This message was created automatically by mail delivery software.

    A message that you sent could not be delivered to one or more of its
    recipients. This is a permanent error. The following address(es) failed:

      user.name@example.org
        SMTP error from remote mail server after MAIL FROM:<root@hostname.example.com> SIZE=3627:
        host example.org [<someip>]: 550 Access denied - Invalid HELO name (See RFC2821 4.1.1.1)

A python script was sending an email via exim.

Some SMTP servers require you to send a valid host name with the HELO command that also is the same as the reverse DNS of the IP address the request originates from. 

To resolve this add FQDN and hostname in ///etc/hosts//:

    root@hostname:~# cat /etc/hosts
    <ipaddress>   subdomain.example.com subdomain # add this line
    127.0.0.1	localhost
    ::1		localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
    fe00::0		ip6-localnet
    ff00::0		ip6-mcastprefix
    ff02::1		ip6-allnodes
    ff02::2		ip6-allrouters

''hostname -f'' should now return FQDN correctly

    root@subdomain:~# hostname -f
    subdomain.example.com

====== Tested on ======
  * Debian 7 Wheezy
  * Exim version 4.80 #3 built 10-Feb-2018 15:37:27

====== See also ======

====== References ======
  * https://www.spamhaus.org/faq/section/Spamhaus%20DBL#279
  * https://serverfault.com/questions/46545/how-do-i-change-exim4s-primary-hostname-on-a-debian-box
  * https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11864227/smtp550-access-denied-invalid-helo-name-see-rfc2821-4-1-1-1